Remark:
Meaning "trifunctional": The ligand (functional group) is bound to the surface of the silica gel by a trivalent bond; the aim is to avoid hydrolysis of the ligand ("bleeding"), but batch-to-batch reproducibility of stationary phases with trifunctional bonds is not always guaranteed. Links to the websites of the manufacturers can be found in "what can column..."
Acclaim 120 C18/Acclaim VANQUISH C18 UHPLC
Endcapped C18 phase but with good polar selectivity
Acclaim Polar Advantage (PA)/Acclaim VANQUISH PA 2 UHPLC
Acclaim Polar Advantage (Acclaim PA) is a C16 phase with a sulfonamide EPG (Embedded Polar Group) group, pronounced polar character
Acclaim Polar Advantage II (PA2)
Endcapped C18 phase with an amide EPG (Embedded Polar Group) group
Accucore aQ C18
Polar-endcapped core shell material ("SPP", Superficial Porous Particles), usable with 100 % water/buffer
Accucore C18
Endcapped Core-Shell-Material ("SPP", Superficial Porous Particles), the most hydrophobic phase from ThermoScientific
Accucore C30
Endcapped core shell material ("SPP", Superficial Porous Particles), C30 alkyl chain; like all C30 phases especially suitable for carotenoids. Despite the long alkyl chain, water-compatible
Accucore Phenyl-Hexyl
Core shell material ("SPP", Superficial Porous Particles) with a phenyl group on a C6 spacer
Accucore Polar Premium
Endcapped C18 core shell material ("SPP", Superficial Porous Particles) with an amide EPG (Embedded Polar Group) group
ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18
Trifunctional hybrid material, hydrophobic; "cleaner" but insignificantly more hydrophobic than the older hybrid material XTerra MS C18, also from Waters
Alltima HP C18
Classic, older, endcapped C18 phase ("HP": High Purity); developed by Alltech, distributed by analytics-shop
Aqua C18
C18 phase with polar endcapping, can be used with 100 % water/buffer
ASCENTIS C18
Endcapped, hydrophobic phase, its special features: High carbon content (25 % C) and large specific surface (450 m2/g)
ASCENTIS Express C18
Core Shell material, similar properties to the porous ASCENTIS C18
ASCENTIS RP-AMIDE
An EPG column (Embedded Polar Group) with an amide group, thus more polar than the analogue ASCENTIS C18 material; due to the high carbon loading of 19.5% is the phase more hydrophobic than other EPG phases
Atlantis dC18
Bifunctional, low density but endcapped phase. Can be used with high water/buffer content, the character of the phase is polar
Atlantis T3
Further development of Atlantis dC18: different base silica gel, trifunctional bond but - similar to Atlantis dC18 - with 1.6 µmol/m2 low density and therefore strongly polar character, pH stability greater than Atlantis dC18
Bondapak C18
Endcapped, the oldest commercially available and widely used RP material with silica gel as matrix ("Porasil"). Its special feature compared to the materials commonly used today: broken (irregular) 10 µm particles
Chromolith HR Speed ROD
Monolith based on silica gel; this material gives higher plate numbers ("HR": High Resolution) than Chromolith Performance, but in comparison produces a somewhat higher pressure and is not so stable with regard to difficult matrices. Very well endcapped
Chromolith Performance RP-18 endcapped
The first commercial, widely used monolithic material based on silica gel; developed in Japan, market readiness and further development by Merck
Coresep 100
Combination of core shell technology and strongly acidic groups as EPG (Embedded Polar Group) on alkyl chains; interactions with neutral, basic and acidic components possible
CORTECS C18
Trifunctional core shell material ("SPP", Superficial Porous Particles); most hydrophobic phase from Waters (before XBridge C18/AQUITY UPLC BEH C18) and together with YMC Pro C18 RS one of the most hydrophobic low silanol materials on the market
CORTECS C18+
Trifunctional core shell material ("SPP", Superficial Porous Particles); additional weak positive charge on the surface, more polar than Cortecs C18
CORTECS Phenyl
Core shell material ("SPP", Superficial Porous Particles) with a phenyl group on the surface, specially developed for the separation of (nitro) aromatics
Cosmosil 3 C18-EB
Endcapped, modern C18-Phase; “EB” stands for “Excellent for Basic compounds”
DELTA PAK C18
Older, endcapped material; its special feature is the large pore diameter of 300 Å
Discovery C18
Classic, endcapped, hydrophobic C18-phase
Discovery HS F5
Pentafluorophenyl-phase (“Penta”, Greek for "five"), with 4 µmol/m2 high density
Discovery RP Amid C16
EPG-phase (Embedded Polar Group) with an amid group at a C16-alkyl spacer, so more polar than the analogue Discovery-C18-material
Gemini C18
Hybrid material of the first generation, hydrophobic character
Gemini NX-C18
Hybrid material of the second generation with an ethane bridge structure, just as Kinetex EVO C18, analogue to XBridge from Waters
GROM-SIL 100 ODS-O AB
Phase developed for the separation of acids and bases ("AB": Acids and Bases), medium hydrophobic character
GROM-SIL 120 ODS-3 CP
Non endcapped but due to the polymer layer ("encapsulated", "CP": Capsulated Polymer) quite hydrophobic C18 phase
HALO C18
The first commercial, modern Core shell-material; endcapped, hydrophobic
HALO RP-Amide
Core shell material with amide as EPG group (Embedded Polar Group)
Hypersil BDS
A special treatment of silica gel results in a base deactivated material ("BDS" "Base Deactivated Silica") with “non-aggressive” vicinal silanol groups. Hypersil BDS behaves - except for the interaction with strong bases - similar to Hypersil ODS.
Hypersil GOLD
Endcapped C18 phase; on the one hand "classic" hydrophobic, on the other hand a constantly shimmering polar character
Hypersil ODS HCT
Older, endcapped C18 phase, noticeable silanol group activity
HyPURITY Advance
Endcapped C8 phase with an amide EPG (Embedded Polar Group) group, strongly polar character
HyPURITY C18 HCT
Endcapped material, "cleaner" and slightly more hydrophobic than Hypersil ODS/Hypersil BDS
Inertsil ODS 2
Endcapped C18 phase, higher loading than Inertsil ODS 3
Inertsil ODS 3
Endcapped C18 phase, cleaner base silica gel compared to Inertsil ODS 2, larger specific surface area
InertSustain C18
Most modern C18 column from GL-Sciences (also manufacturer of Inertsil), the silica gel is Inert and Sustainable. Very thoroughly endcapped, hardly any aggressive silanol groups
Jupiter 300 C18
C18 phase, the special feature: 300 Å pore diameter
Kinetex Biphenyl
Core-shell-Material („SPP”, Superficial Porous Particles) with a diphenyl-groupe
Kinetex C18
Endcapped core shell material ("SPP", Superficial Porous Particles)
Kinetex EVO C18
Hybrid (ethane-“cross-linked”-structure) Core-Shell-Material („SPP”, Superficial Porous Particles)
Kinetex F5
Core shell material ('SPP', Superficial Porous Particles) with a pentafluorophenyl group ('penta', Greek for 'five')
Kinetex Phenyl-Hexyl
Core shell material ("SPP", Superficial Porous Particles) with a phenyl group on a C6 spacer
Kinetex Polar C18
Core shell material ("SPP", Superficial Porous Particles), polar character due to additional polar groupings, can be used with 100 % water/buffer
Kromasil C18
Classic, endcapped C18 phase
LiChrosorb C18
Older, non-endcapped, irregular (not like the usual round particles) C18 material, strongly silanophilic character. Is no longer produced and difficult to obtain. To find similar columns use the RP-Column-Finder
LiChrospher 60 RP-Select B
Merck's answer to the demand in the 1980s for "good" materials for separating bases ("Select B": separates Bases): With 60 Å (the "60" in the name) quite small pore diameter, dense coating with C8 alkyl chains
LiChrospher RP-18
Older, classic non-endcapped C18 material, strongly silanophilic character. Due to the relatively high carbon content and the different silanol groups, as well as the metal ions in the silica gel matrix, different interactions are possible.
Luna C18 (2)
Endcapped, "classic" C18 column from Phenomenex, with 400 m2/g relatively large specific surface area, slightly lower carbon load than Luna C18
Luna Omega C18
This is the UHPLC version of LUNA, through thermal treatment the material is made more inert and pressure-stable
Luna Omega C18 PS
Analogue to LUNA Omega C18, but with additional, quite strong positive charge on the surface (PS: Positive Surface), strong interactions with acids
Nova-Pak C18
Older, endcapped material; its special feature is the relatively small pore diameter of 60 Å
NUCLEODUR C18 Gravity
Endcapped, modern material, moderate hydrophobicity and moderate polarity
NUCLEODUR C18 Gravity SB
Endcapped C18 phase, more polar than Nucleodur C18 Gravity
Nucleodur C18 Isis
Endcapped material with cross-linked surface and high loading of 20 % C, similar to (but slightly less hydrophobic than) the older Nucleosil AB
NUCLEODUR Sphinx RP
Endcapped, bifunctional phase with C18- and propylphenyl groups
NUCLEOSHELL PFP
Core shell material with pentafluorophenyl groups ("PFP": Penta-Fluoro-Phenyl, "Penta", Greek for "five")
NUCLEOSHELL RP 18plus
Multi-endcapped, hydrophobic core-shell material ("SPP", Superficial Porous Particles) with additional, weakly positive charge; more hydrophobic than the porous Nucleodur C18 Gravity, also from Machery-Nagel
NUCLEOSIL 100-5 C18
Endcapped material, nevertheless residual silanol activity; a "classic" from Machery-Nagel
NUCLEOSIL 100-5 C18 HD
Monofunctional, endcapped material, with 20 % C quite high loading ("HD": High Density)
NUCLEOSIL 50-5 C18 ec
Endcapped material, nevertheless residual silanol activity; its special feature is the nominally smallest pore diameter of the commercial RP materials of 50 Å
NUCLEOSIL C18 AB
Cross-linked, polymeric coating; with 25 % C the highest carbon content of Machery-Nagel materials ("AB": suitable for Acids and Bases); similar hydrophobic character to Nucleosil C18 HD, but due to the polymer layer better steric selectivity than the latter
NUCLEOSIL C18 Nautilus
C18 phase with additional polar group in the alkyl chain
NUCLEOSIL Protect 1
Endcapped C8 phase with an EPG (Embedded Polar Group) group
NUCLEODUR π2
Modern biphenyl phase, polar character, developed for strong π-π interactions ("π2")
Obelisc R
Alkyl chains with positively and negatively charged ionic groups for separations in RP mode ("R": Reverse phase); hydrophobic and polar interactions possible
Pathfinder AP
This concerns "Polymer Encapsulated Silica": polymer layer on the surface of the silica gel, this should ensure chemical stability
Pathfinder AS
This concerns "Polymer Encapsulated Silica": Polymer layer on the surface of the silica gel, this should ensure chemical stability. AS shows the highest polar selectivity of the Pathfinder materials investigated here
Pathfinder PS
This concerns "Polymer Encapsulated Silica": polymer layer on the surface of the silica gel, this should ensure chemical stability.
PerfectSil Target ODS-3HD
Modern, endcapped C18 phase with a high specific surface area of 450 m2/g
Platinum C18
Endcapped phase with low loading (6 % C), thus quite polar character
Platinum C18-EPS
Non-endcapped phase with low loading (5 % C), strongly polar character ("EPS": Extended/Enhanced Polar Selectivity)
Polaris C18-A
Special endcapping that enables hydrogen bonding ("A": Acid); hydrophobic character nevertheless predominates
Polaris C18-Ether
Special endcapping with an ether group with the aim of additional polar interactions; also here - analogous to Polaris C18 A - rather hydrophobic character
Poroshell 120 EC-C18
Double-endcapped core shell material ("SPP", Superficial Porous Particles); properties correspond to Agilent's porous Zorbax Eclipse Plus C18 material; Agilent's most hydrophobic core shell phase
Poroshell 120 HPH-C18
Core shell material ("SPP", Superficial Porous Particles); stable at higher pH values due to an organic layer on the surface ("HPH": High pH)
Poroshell 120 PFP
Core shell material ('SPP', Superficial Porous Particles) with a Penta-Fluoro-Phenyl group ('penta', Greek for 'five'), Agilent's most polar core shell material
Poroshell 120 SB-C18
Non-endcapped core shell material ("SPP", Superficial Porous Particles); steric protection through diisobutyl groups on the alkyl chain, especially stable in acid and at higher temperatures ("SB": Stable Bond); corresponds to Agilent's porous Zorbax SB C18
Primesep 100
Acidic, negatively charged group in the C12 alkyl chain, strongly acidic character; neutral as well as ionic interactions possible
Primesep C
Complex forming group in the C12 alkyl chain; in addition to hydrophobic interactions also complex formation is possible, strong interactions with amines and metal/alkali ions
Prodigy ODS 2
Older, endcapped C18 phase, was developed by Phenomenex as an alternative to Inertsil ODS 2
ProntoSil 120-5-ace-EPS
EPG Phase (Embedded Polar Group) with an Amide Group
ProntoSil 120-5-AQ
Hydrophilic endcapped C18 phase, slightly more hydrophobic than ProntoSil C18, quite similar to ReproSil-Pur AQ, can be used with 100 % water/buffer
ProntoSil 120-5-C18-H
Double-endcapped, hydrophobic phase, quite similar to ReproSil-Pur 120 ODS 3
Purospher RP-18
End-capped C18 phase, pure silica gel; not to be confused with "Purospher": In the latter case, the specific surface area of 500 m2/g and the end-capping with amino groups should be mentioned. This gives Purospher an additional polar character
Purospher STAR RP-18 endcapped
Although the name suggests a resemblance to "Purospher", this is a different, 3 µm based silica gel; classic endcapping, more hydrophobic than Purospher
Pursuit C18
Endcapped phase, as special feature the quite large pore diameter of 200 Å could be named, quite hydrophobic
Raptor ARC-18
Core shell material ("SPP", Superficial Porous Particles) with a sterically protected group at the beginning of the alkyl chain (similar to PoroShell 120 SB C18 and Kinetex XB-C18); ARC: Acid Resistant Chromatography
Raptor Biphenyl
Core shell material ("SPP", Superficial Porous Particles) with a biphenyl group
ReproSil-PUR AQ
Hydrophilic endcapped C18 phase, slightly more hydrophobic than ReproSil-Pur 120 ODS 3, quite similar to ProntoSil AQ, can be used with 100 % water/buffer
ReproSil-PUR ODS 3
Double-endcapped, hydrophobic phase, quite similar to ProntoSil C18
Reprospher C18 DE
Double Endcapped ("DE": Double Endcapped), classic, modern C18 phase
Reprospher C18-Aqua
Endcapped 2 µm C18 material with additional polar groupings, thus the phase can be used with 100 % water/buffer
Resolve C18
Older, non endcapped material, very "aggressive" (dissociated and thus acidic) silanol groups
SMT OD C18
Trifunctional C18 phase; due to the high carbon content of 24 %C and the special coating ("SMT": Self-assembled Monolayer Technique), an extremely high density of 7-8 µmol/mm2 and thus a strongly hydrophobic character is obtained
Spherisorb ODS 1
Non-endcapped, older material, "aggressive" (dissociated and thus acidic) silanol groups
Spherisorb ODS 2
Endcapped, older material, less "aggressive" (dissociated and thus acidic) silanol groups compared to Spherisorb ODS1
SunFire C18
Together with Symmetry C18, the highest density (3.5 µmol/m²) and most thoroughly covered phase from Waters, hydrophobic character
SUPELCOSIL ABZ+Plus
The oldest EPG phase (Embedded Polar Group), strongly polar character; it has been developed for the separation of acids, bases and zwitterions, shown by the name: "ABZ": for the separation of "Acids, Bases and Zwitterions"
Superspher 100 RP C18
Same material as LiChrospher C18 (see description there), only difference: "Superspher" is a 4 µm material (in the USA: 3 µm), "LiChrospher" a 5 µm material
Superspher 60 RP-Select B
Same material as LiChrospher 60 RP-Select B (see description there), only difference: "Superspher" is a 4 µm material, "LiChrospher" a 5 µm material
Symmetry C18
Endcapped, hydrophobic, a C18 classic, one of the first modern phases based on pure silica gel
Symmetry Shield RP C18
Carbamate as EPG (Embedded Polar Group) group, polar character; Symmetry Shield C18 is the silica gel variant of the hybrid materials XTerra RP C18 and XBridge Shield C18, slightly more polar than the latter
Synergi Fusion-RP
Bifunctional phase: C18 alkyl chains and in addition C8 alkyl chains with phenyl groups as EPG (Embedded Polar Group) groups
Synergi Hydro-RP
With 19 % C the most hydrophobic phase of the Synergi family, in addition polar endcapping
Synergi MAX RP
Endcapped C12 phase; the hydrophobic character corresponds to that of a C18 phase due to the high density
Synergi POLAR RP
Short C3 chain, phenyl end group coupled to an ether group, polar end capping; most polar Phenomenex phase and one of the most polar RP phases altogether on the market
Titan C18
Core shell material, endcapped C18 phase, very narrow particle size distribution, 1.9 µm
TSK-Gel ODS-80 TS
Endcapped C18 material (containing trimethylchlorosilane "TS"), 80 Å (the "80" in the name)
Ultra Aqueous C18
Non-endcapped, polar-modified C18 phase
Ultra IBD
Non-endcapped “Intrinsically Base-Deactivated” (IBD)-Phase with EPG (Embedded Polar Group) group
Ultra PFPP
Endcapped Penta-Fluoro-Phenyl phase with a Propyl group (PFPP, "penta", Greek for "five") as spacer
Ultrasep ES RP 18E
Endcapped C18 phase with balanced selectivity for different substance classes
Unisol C18 (2)
Double endcapped, very pure silica gel, classic C18 phase
Uptisphere UP5MM1
Mixed-mode phase with C8 alkyl chains and strong cation exchange groups
VDSpher 75 C18-E
Endcappede C18-Phase mit einem kleinen Porendurchmesser (75 Å) und einer großen spezifischen Oberfläche (500 m2/g)
VDSpher OptiAqua PUR 100 C18
Endcapped C18 phase with a small pore diameter (75 Å) and a high specific surface area (500 m2/g)
Venusil XBP C18(A)
High density, endcapped, strongly hydrophobic C18 phase
VYDAC C18 201HS
Older, 10 µm material, polar character ("HS": High Surface area); a classic for the separation of hydrophilic peptides
XBridge C18
Trifunctional hybrid material, hydrophobic; "cleaner" but insignificantly more hydrophobic than the older hybrid material XTerra MS C18, also from von Waters
XBridge Shield RP C18
Monofunctional hybrid material with carbamate as EPG (Embedded Polar Group) group, similar to XTerra RP C18, but see here (Link FAQ 4, Hexagon 3)
XSelect CSH C18
Trivalent bonded C18 phase with a weak positive charge on the surface, based on a hybrid material ("CSH": Charged Silica Hybrid)
XSelect CSH Fluoro-Phenyl
Trifunctional, non-endcapped pentafluorophenyl hybrid material with additional weak charge on the surface ("CSH", Charged Surface Hybrid), the diverse functionality as well as the architecture of the surface gives the phase a good universal selectivity
XSelect CSH Phenyl-Hexyl
Trivalent bonded phase with a phenyl group on a C6 spacer and a weak positive charge on the surface, based on a hybrid material ("CSH": Charged Silica Hybrid)
XSelect HSS C18
Trifunctional, high density, hydrophobic C18 material based on silica gel ("HSS", High Strength Silica)
XSelect HSS C18 SB
Trifunctional, low density, non-endcapped C18 material on silica gel basis ("HSS", High Strength Silica), pronounced polar character
XSelect HSS PFP
Trifunctional, non-endcapped PFP (Penta Fluoro Phenyl) material based on silica gel ("HSS", High Strength Silica), together with the hybrid variant XSelect CSH Fluoro-Phenyl they are the two most polar phases from Waters
XSelect HSS T3
Trifunctional, low density but very well-covered C18 material based on silica gel ("HSS", High Strength Silica)
XTerra MS C18
Hybrid material, "forerunner" of XBridge C18, hydrophobic character
XTerra RP C18
Hybrid material with carbamate as EPG (Embedded Polar Group) group, polar character, "forerunner" of XBridge Shield C18
YMC Pro C18
Endcapped C18-phase, quite all “YMC Pro”C18-phases show low silanol groupe activity
YMC Pro C18 RS
Endcapped C18 phase. YMC Pro RS ("RS": Resistant Stabilty) is from all "YMC Pro C18" phases the phase with the largest hydrophobic selectivity, further it has the lowest concentration on acid silanol groupes
YMC-Pack ODS-AQ
Hydrophilic endcapped C18-phase, therefore useable with 100 % water/buffer
YMC-Triart C18 ExRS
Hybrid material, the additional high proportion of 25 % C should give this C18 phase an extreme stability ("ExRS": Extreme Resistant Stability). YMC-Triart C18 ExRS is the phase with the highest steric selectivity of all YMC phases
YMC-Ultra HT Pro C18
The "YMC Pro" C18 phases show low silanol group activity; YMC Ultra HT Pro C18 is the analogue of YMC Pro C18 in a 2 µm particle version ("HT", High Throughput). However, the experiments here showed a slightly higher polarity compared to YMC Pro C18
ZORBAX Bonus RP
Triple endcapped C14 phase; both steric protection through diisopropyl group á la Zorbax SB as well as chemical protection through an amide EPG (Embedded Polar Group) group; strong polar character
ZORBAX Eclipse Plus C18
This material represents the further development of ZORBAX Eclipse XDB C18: use of a different base silica gel, other silanization reagents and silanization technique for endcapping. According to Agilent similar selectivity to the Core Shell material Poroshell 120 EC-C18 - this could be confirmed by us
ZORBAX Eclipse XDB C18
By means of a dense silane layer (XDB: eXtra Dense Bonding) as well as double endcapping with two different silanes a very well shielded surface should be achieved
ZORBAX Extend C18
Double-endcapped C18 phase; through the use of bidentate silanes (two C18 chains are connected via an ether group as if via a bridge) in alkaline stable ("Extend": Extended range of application)
Zorbax ODS
Endcapped, older material, somewhat hydrophobic; Zorbax ODS has a relatively small pore diameter of 70 Å
Zorbax SB C8
Non-endcapped phase; steric protection through a diisopropyl group, especially stable in acid and at higher temperatures ("SB": Stable Bond), as may be expected less hydrophobic and less stable than Zorbax SB C18
Zorbax SB-C18
Non-endcapped phase; steric protection through a diisopropyl group, especially stable in acid and at higher temperatures ("SB": Stable Bond); corresponds to the core shell material Poroshell 120 SB-C18 from Agilent